Spring clamp wire extractor construction for firearms



July 15, 1952 c. L. HUSSEY 2,603,020

SPRING CLAMP WIRE EXTRACTOR CONSTRUCTION FOR FIREARMS- Filed Aug. 1, 1949.

lNVENTOR 01-156 TERLl/IIJJEY Patented July 15, 1952 SPRING OLA-MVP WIRE Ex'raAoro-a ooN- STRUCTION FOR FIREARMS Chester "L. Hussey, Belchertown, Mass, 'assignor to Savage Arms Corporation, Utica, N. Y., a

:corporation of Delaware I Application-August .1, 1949, Serial No. 108.032

1 Claim. g 1

This invention relates to cartridge extractor constructions for firearms and "has for anobjeot to provide an improved cartridge extractor for "a breech loading bolt action gun.

One object of the invention is'to provide a dependable cartridge extractorwhich'maybe produced more economically than prior art extractors.

Another objectoi the invention-is the provision of an improved extractor with an extremely narrow arm and claw tip which may be adapted for particular utilityin providing trouble free operation in smaller calibre guns.

A further object is to provide an extractor of theclamp-on type which can be easily assembled on a breech-bolt without tending to force the metal beyond its elastic limit and is, therefore, designed to be less subject to damage from distortion in mounting the same into place than is the case with other clamp type extractors.

The nearest prior art now known to me is disclosed in Patent No. 2,465,553, granted March 29, 1949.

The above and other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description and drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view'ofthe new extractor mounted on a bolt head with a cartridge rim engaged by the extractor arms;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the assembly of Fig. 1 with the cartridge shell removed;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional View of the assembly of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a cross section taken on line 4-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a cross section taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the new extractor; and

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary top plan view showing the extractor arms on enlarged scale.

Referring to the drawings, the bolt head 10 is shown with a forward looking lug ll and an upper arcuate flange l2 overhanging a forward face 13 of the bolt. A centrally disposed firing pin It and ejector slot 15 (Fig. 2) communicate with the face l3, all as will be readily understood.

Spaced from the face rearwardly is a circumferential groove I6 which preferably extends at least half way around the bolt. Longitudinally of the bolt and joined to opposite end of groove it are twoapproximately diametrically opposite grooves l1 and l8 directed forwardly from groove 16 and intersecting the face It) at opposite edges thereof slightly below the ends of the arcuate flange.

Groove I6 is for receiving the clamping ring and grooves l1 and i8 are'for receiving the arms of the new extractor construction. Preferably the arm receiving grooves I1 and I8 are cut slightly deeper at their forward ends than at their rearward ends, the grooves being tapered to slope forwardly and inwardly toward'the cen tral longitudinal axis of the bolt.

The new extractor I9 is best shown by Figs. 6 and '7. It consists of a single length of tempered spring steel wirebent to form in is mid section a clamping ring Zflwlth a claw arm 21 and a finger arm 22' both extending from the ends of clamping ring'Zll at right angles thereto. Arms 2! and 22 are preferably bent slightly inwardly toward each other from the clamping ring '26.

Along the inner side of each arm the metal of the wire is formed with a forwardly and gradual outwardly widened tapered fiat surface to provide the fiat 2-3 directed away from the longitudinal axis of the bolt. At the "end of the arm 21 adjacent the tip thereof an extractor claw 24 is formed by a notch 25 cut with an inwardly and'rearwardly directed face to provide an extractor hook. The hook hasas shown a positive rake facing rearwardly toward'the face l3. The extreme tip end of the wire claw is formed to provide a fiat bearing surface 26 direotedinwardly and rearwardly from the outer edge of the wire at an angle of 45 or'less to the axis of the bolt and intersecting the flat 25.

A forwardly and outwardly angled flat 21 similar to flat 23 is provided on the inner face of arm 22. A notch 28 is formed with a forwardly angled surface greater than to the flat 21. Notch 28 oppositely faces hook 25 and is for releasably holding a cartridge in position against the bolt face i3. The tip end of arm 22 is provided with a fiat 29 similar to the flat 26 of arm 2|.

To mount the extractor I9 on the bolt head 10 the clamping ring 20 is forced down into the clamping ring receiving groove l6, springing apart claw arm 2| and finger arm 22 tothe degree necessary to seat the arms in longitudinal arm receiving grooves I1 and [8 respectively. Also one of the arms may be placed in its groove and the clamp 20 and other arm snapped into position. When so mounted, the ends of each arm extend beyond the cartridge receiving recess of the bolt face 13 sufliciently to admit and engage a rim or head 30 of a cartridge 3| as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The claw hook of arm 2| bites into the rim or head of the cartridge while the outwardly slanting edge 28 of finger arm 22 merely bears against the head for positioning purposes.

The flat inwardly sloping surfaces 26 and 29 on the tips of the arms present surfaces to wedge the arms apart if necessary when the bolt is forward in the receiver and the cartridge is seated in the firing chamber of the gun. The surfaces 26 and 29 bear against a cooperating surface of the chamber wall which is generally on a 45 angle to the bolt axis, all as will be readily understood.

When the bolt is withdrawn the extractor claw hook will bite into the rim or head to pull the cartridge from the chamber. v As the bolt is further withdrawn, the ejector (not shown), in slot I will project beyond the bolt face l3 and pivot the cartridge on the extractor hook camming the opposite edge of the rim past the surface 28 of the arm 22 whereby the cartridge will be kicked out of the usual ejector port of a gun.

It will be noted from the above that the spring wire construction with circular cross section has several advantages over a spring clamp extractor manufactured from flat stock such as disclosed in the prior art above referred to. The present extractor .is inherently of stronger construction in the finished form. The wire has increased strength because of, its ability to react more favorably to tempering operations in manufacture, whereas a fiat thin band of rectangular cross section must overcome greater stresses in tempering. The tapered flats on the inner sides of the arms also provide for a more positive spring action in operation because of this greater strength. I

In common practice a flat band will be pressed out from strip stock with an appreciable amount of waste. There is substantially no waste in the manufacture of the present extractor.

In mounting an extractor in position on the bolt the width'of a fiat arm band creates a strain on the metal when pushing an arm over the transverse longitudinal groove in the bolt. This stress on the metal, if its condition is not properly gauged, may spring the metal beyond its elastic limit. Such an extractor may snap into place but its effective life is greatly reduced. With a round cross section the wire is proportionately less subject to distortion and thus has less tendeney to be stretched beyond the elastic limit of the metal in-being'clamped on the bolt.

The round wire extractor of the present invention has further distinct advantages in guns of a smaller calibre. As will be readily understood by those skilled in the gunsmiths art, some of the small calibre firearms, provided with a magazine or clip feed, are also provided with a ramp device -to guide the cartridge into the firing chamber.

This insures: accuracy inoperation of the gun. With a flat band extractor of the width required for strength, interference with the ramp and its operation occurs because of small tolerances. With a wire extractor the precision fitting of the various parts is far less critical and a more economical assembly all things considered is permitted it Having disclosed my invention, I claim:

.A cartridge extractor comprising a length of spring metal wire of generally circular and uniform cross section with an arcuate clamp ring portion having its ends diametrically opposed and an arm portion bent substantially at right angles to the plane of said arcuate porti0n,'said arm having a fiat surface of. tapered width on its inner side, the widest portion of said flat surface lying adjacent the free end of said arm, said surface being gradually narrower toward the inner end of the arm, a rearwardly facing transverse surface lying at said widened end substantially in acute angular relation thereto and forming-with said end. a claw hook at the end of said arm, the outer tip end of said arm being angularly directed transversely of the wire and forwardly from the top inside edge of said rearwardly facing surface. V

, CHESTER. L. HUSSEY.

, v .na ERENoEs CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED "STATES PATENTS "Great Britain 1893 

